[Solved]2014 Ford Edge - p2196 and p2198
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Here is a list of tools I use every day at the shop. Let me know if you use them too in the comments!
Fault codes can be deceiving. They can help point you in one direction or they can throw you off course. In this case study, we will see that replacing parts because of a fault code can be expensive and still not provide the solution for the problem.
This case study is about a 2014 Ford Edge with a 3.5 liter engine. The customer brought this vehicle into the shop with a check engine light. They have already replaced the O2 sensors because of the codes, but they did not fix their check engine light. The heated oxygen sensors replaced in this car can cost from $50 - $170 plus labor.
The fault codes in this Ford Edge are:
P2196 - O2 sensor signal biased/ stuck rich - Bank 1 Sensor 1
P2198 - O2 sensor signal biased/ stuck rich - Bank 2 Sensor 1
What do the fault codes P2196 and P2198 mean?
The PCM monitors the exhaust using heated oxygen sensors (HO2S). The heated oxygen sensors (HO2S) send a signal to the PCM letting it know if the exhaust is too rich (too much fuel) or too lean (not enough fuel). By the description of the codes, the HO2S senses a rich condition in the exhaust. These codes do not necessarily mean the O2 sensors are bad, but that they sense a condition that is not desirable.
What can cause a P2196 and a P2198?
Here are some common issues with P2196 and P2198:
EVAP Purge valve stuck open
Excessive fuel pressure
Biased MAP sensor
Incorrect learned ethanol content
Contaminated MAF sensor
PCV system
Contaminated oil
Corroded connectors
Damaged heated oxygen sensors
In most cases, that I have seen, a P2196 and a P2198 are caused by a stuck open EVAP purge valve.
What does the EVAP purge valve do?
The EVAP purge valve is a component of the EVAP system that allows the vacuum from the engine to suck in fuel vapors from the tank so they can be used in the engine.
When an EVAP purge valve is stuck open, it can suck too much fuel vapors into the engine. This will cause a rich condition.
EVAP purge valve off of a 2012 Ford F-150 - Same part
How do I know the EVAP purge valve is the problem?
With a proper scan tool, we can read the amount of pressure is in the fuel tank. Since the EVAP purge valve sucks fuel vapors from the fuel tank, it would go into a deep vacuum if it was stuck open.
The picture below shows the EVAP purge valve not on, but it is still pulling a vacuum in the fuel tank, indicating that it is stuck open.
Frequently Asked Question:
Where do I find wiring diagrams and step-by-step repair procedures for Fords?
The best online resource I use is Alldatadiy.com.
I used it for this case study to find the correct procedure for this 2014 Ford Edge.
What fixed this Ford Edge?
Installing a new EVAP purge valve fixed this vehicle!
Check out this case study of a 2019 Chevrolet Traverse with an EVAP purge valve problem. On the Traverse, the defective EVAP purge valve had the opposite fault codes!
Also, check out this case study on a 2015 Ford Mustang. It had an EVAP purge valve problem too!
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